STANDARDIZATION LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ——附加英文版
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
STANDARDIZATION LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(Adopted at the Fifth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Seventh National People's Congress on December 29, 1988, promulgated by
Order No. 11 of the President of the People's Republic of China on
December 29, 1988, and effective as of April 1, 1989)
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Formulation of Standards
Chapter III Implementation of Standards
Chapter IV Legal Responsibility
Chapter V Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is formulated with a view to developing the socialist commodity
economy, promoting technical progress, improving product quality,
increasing social and economic benefits, safeguarding the interests of the
State and the people and suiting standardization to the needs in socialist
modernization and in the development of economic relations with foreign
countries.
Article 2
Standards shall be formulated for the following technical requirements
that need to be unified:
(1) the varieties, specifications, quality and grades of industrial
products as well as the safety and sanitary requirements for them;
(2) the design, production, inspection, packing, storage, transportation
and methods of operation of industrial products as well as the safety and
sanitary requirements for them in the process of production, storage and
transportation;
(3) technical requirements and testing methods related to environmental
protection;
(4) the designs, construction procedure and safety requirements for
construction projects; and
(5) technical terms, symbols, code names and drawing methods related to
industrial production, project construction and environmental protection.
Major agricultural products and other items that need to be standardized
shall be designated by the State Council.
Article 3
The tasks of standardization shall include the formulation of standards
and organization of and supervision over the implementation of the
standards. Standardization shall be incorporated in the plan for national
economic and social development.
Article 4
The State shall encourage the active adoption of international standards.
Article 5
The department of standardization administration under the State Council
shall be in charge of the unified administration of standardization
throughout the country. Competent administrative authorities under the
State Council shall, in line with their respective functions, be in charge
of standardization in their respective departments and trades.
The departments of standardization administration of provinces, autonomous
regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be
in charge of the unified administration of standardization within their
respective administrative areas. Competent administrative authorities
under the governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities
directly under the Central Government shall, in line with their respective
functions, be in charge of standardization in their respective departments
and trades within their respective administrative areas.
The standardization administration departments and the competent
administrative authorities of cities and counties shall, in line with
their respective functions as assigned by the governments of provinces,
autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central
Government, be in charge of standardization within their respective
administrative areas.
Chapter II Formulation of Standards
Article 6
National standards shall be formulated for the technical requirements that
need to be unified nationwide. National standards shall be formulated by
the department of standardization administration under the State Council.
Where, in the absence of national standards, technical requirements for a
certain trade need to be unified, trade standards may be formulated. Trade
standards shall be formulated by competent administrative authorities
under the State Council and reported to the department of standardization
administration under the State Council for the record, and shall be
annulled on publication of the national standards. Where, in the absence
of both national and trade standards, safety and sanitary requirements for
industrial products need to be unified within a province, an autonomous
region or a municipality directly under the Central Government, local
standards may be formulated. Local standards shall be formulated by
departments of standardization administration of provinces, autonomous
regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and
reported to the department of standardization administration and the
competent administrative authorities under the State Council for the
record, and shall be annulled on publication of the national or trade
standards.
Where, in the absence of both national and trade standards for products
manufactured by an enterprise, standards for the enterprise shall be
formulated to serve as the criteria for the organization of production. An
enterprise's standards for its products shall be reported to the
standardization administration department and the competent administrative
authorities under the local government for the record. Where national or
trade standards have been formulated, the State shall encourage
enterprises to formulate their enterprise standards, which are more
stringent than the national or trade standards, to be used in these
enterprises.
Where the formulation of standards is otherwise provided for by law, such
legal provisions shall be complied with.
Article 7
National standards and trade standards shall be classified into compulsory
standards and voluntary standards. Those for safeguarding human health and
ensuring the safety of the person and of property and those for compulsory
execution as prescribed by the laws and administrative rules and
regulations shall be compulsory standards, the others shall be voluntary
standards.
The local standards formulated by standardization administration
departments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly
under the Central Government for the safety and sanitary requirements of
industrial products shall be compulsory standards within their respective
administrative areas.
Article 8
The formulation of standards shall be conducive to ensuring safety and the
people's health, safeguarding consumer interests and protecting the
environment.
Article 9
The standards to be formulated shall be conducive to a rational use of the
country's resources, a wider utilization of scientific and technological
gains and the enhancement of economic returns, conform to operation
instructions, increase the universality and interchangeability of
products, and be technologically advanced and economically rational.
Article 10
The standards to be formulated shall be coordinated with and supported by
related standards.
Article 11
The standards to be formulated shall help promote economic and
technological cooperation with foreign countries and foreign trade.
Article 12
The roles of trade associations, scientific research institutions and
academic organizations shall be brought into play in the formulation of
standards. A department engaged in the formulation of standards shall
organize a committee on standardization technology composed of
specialists, which shall be responsible for the drafting of the standards
and shall participate in the examination of the draft standards.
Article 13
After the standards come into force, the department that formulated them
shall, in the light of scientific and technological developments and the
needs in economic construction, make timely reviews of the current
standards to determine if they are to remain effective or are to be
revised or annulled.
Chapter III Implementation of Standards
Article 14
Compulsory standards must be complied with. It shall be prohibited to
produce, sell or import products that are not up to the compulsory
standards. With regard to voluntary standards, the State shall encourage
their adoption by enterprises on an optional basis.
Article 15
With respect to products for which national or trade standards have been
formulated, enterprises may apply to the standardization administration
department under the State Council or agencies authorized by the same
department for product quality authentication. For products which are
authenticated to conform to the standards, certificates shall be issued by
the department that made the authentication and the use of the prescribed
authentication marks shall be permitted on such products and the packing
thereof.
If products for which authentication certificates have been granted do not
conform to national or trade standards, or if products have not undergone
authentication or found not up to the standards after the authentication
proceedings, no authentication marks shall be permitted for use on such
products leaving factories for sale.
Article 16
Technical requirements for export products shall comply with contractual
provisions.
Article 17
The development of new products, improvement of products or technical
renovation by an enterprise shall conform to standardization requirements.
Article 18
Departments of standardization administration under governments at or
above the county level shall be responsible for supervision over and
inspection of the implementation of the standards.
Article 19
Departments of standardization administration under governments at or
above the county level may, in accordance with needs, establish inspection
organizations or authorize inspection organizations of other units to
examine whether products conform to the standards. Where the laws and
administrative rules and regulations provide otherwise on inspection
organizations, such provisions shall apply.
Disputes over whether a product conforms to the standards shall be handled
in accordance with the inspection data provided by the inspection
organizations as specified in the preceding paragraph.
Chapter IV Legal Responsibility
Article 20
Whoever produces, sells or imports products that do not conform to the
compulsory standards shall be dealt with according to law by the competent
administrative authorities as prescribed by the laws and administrative
rules and regulations. In the absence of such prescriptions, his products
and unlawful proceeds shall be confiscated and he shall be concurrently
fined by the administrative authorities for industry and commerce; where
serious consequences are caused and crimes are constituted, the person
directly responsible shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in
accordance with the law.
Article 21
Where authentication marks are used on products leaving a factory for
sale, for which authentication certificates have been issued but which do
not conform to national or trade standards, the enterprise concerned shall
be ordered by the department of standardization administration to stop the
sale and shall be fined concurrently; where the circumstances are serious,
the authentication certificates shall be revoked by the department that
made the authentication.
Article 22
Whoever uses authentication marks, without authorization, on products
leaving a factory for sale, which have not undergone authentication or
have been found not up to the standards after the authentication
proceedings, shall be ordered by the department of standardization
administration to stop the sale and shall concurrently be fined.
Article 23
A party which refuses to accept the punishment of confiscation of its
products and of its unlawful proceeds and a fine may, within 15 days of
receiving the penalty notice, apply for reconsideration to the office
immediately above the one that made the punishment decision; a party which
refuses to obey the reconsideration decision may, within 15 days of
receiving the reconsideration decision, bring a suit before a people's
court. The party also may, within 15 days of receiving the penalty notice,
directly bring a suit before a people's court. If a party neither applies
for reconsideration nor brings a suit before a people's court within the
prescribed time nor complies with the punishment decision, the office that
made the punishment decision shall apply to a people's court for
compulsory execution.
Article 24
Personnel responsible for the supervision, inspection and administration
of standardization who violate the law or neglect their duties, or are
engaged in malpractices for personal gains, shall be given disciplinary
sanctions; where crimes are constituted, their criminal responsibility
shall be investigated in accordance with the law.
Chapter V Supplementary Provisions
Article 25
Rules for the implementation of this Law shall be formulated by the State
Council.
Article 26
This Law shall go into effect as of April 1, 1989.
Important Notice:
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
北京市房屋拆迁纠纷裁决规则
北京市房屋土地管理局
北京市房屋拆迁纠纷裁决规则
北京市房屋土地管理局
第一条 为了维护拆迁当事人的合法权益，保证公正、及时地裁决拆迁人与被拆迁人在签订拆迁补偿协议过程中产生的纠纷，根据国务院《（城市房屋拆迁管理条例》和《北京市城市房屋拆迁管理办法》，制定本规则。
第二条 对北京市房屋拆迁补偿协议签订过程中有关纠纷的裁决，均应遵守本规则。
第三条 北京市房屋拆迁纠纷，由核发房屋拆迁许可证（以下简称许可证）的房屋土地管理局（以下简称房地局）裁决；核发许可证的房地局是拆迁人的，由同级人民政府裁决。
第四条 在房地局公告规定的搬迁期限内，拆迁人与被拆迁人对拆迁补偿达不成协议的，自搬迁期限期满第二天起，在许可证规定的拆迁期限期满之前，一方可以向有管辖权的裁决机关申请裁决。
拆迁人与被拆迁人已签订拆迁补偿协议，并已开始履行，一方或双方反悔，向裁决机关申请裁决的，裁决机关不予受理。
搬迁期限未满，或者已超过拆迁期限，拆迁当事人申请裁决的，裁决机关不予受理。
第五条 拆迁当事人申请裁决应当符合下列条件：
（一）申请人是发生纠纷的拆迁当事人；
（二）有明确的被申请人；
（三）有具体的裁决请求和事实、理由；
（四）符合本规则第四条关于可申请裁决事项和期限的要求；
（五）属于接受申请的裁决机关管辖。
本规则所称拆迁当事人是指拆迁人和被拆除房屋产权证标明的产权人或者租赁合同标明的承租人；拆除因城市建设征用的原农民宅基地上的房屋，其房屋尚未办理所有权证的，拆迁当事人是指拆迁人和被拆迁人户口登记簿标明的户主。
第六条 申请人申请裁决，应当向裁决机关递交裁决申请书，并按被申请人人数提交申请书副本。
第七条 裁决申请书应当裁明下列事项：
（一）申请人、被申请人及其委托代理人的姓名、性别、年龄、职业、工作单位、住所，法人或其他组织的名称、住所和法定代表人姓名或者主要负责人的姓名、职务；
（二）裁决请求和所依据的事实、理由；
（三）证据；
（四）申请日期。
申请书应当由申请人签名或者盖章。
第八条 裁决机关收到载决申请书15日内，经审查认为符合申请条件的，应予受理，并通知当事人；认为不符合本规则第五条规定的申请条件的，应当书面通知当事人不予受理，并说明理由。
裁决机关收到裁决申请书后，认为裁决申请书不符合本规则第七条规定的，可以要求当事人补正；逾期不补正的，视为未申请。
第九条 裁决机关受理裁决申请后，应当及时将裁决申请书副本送达被申请人。
第十条 被申请人收到裁决申请书副本后，可以向裁决机关提交答辩书，答辩书应当在收到裁决申请书副本后3日内提交。被申请人未在规定期限内提交答辩书的，不影响裁决的进行。
第十一条 当事人委托他人参加裁决的，应当向裁决机关提交授权委托书。
第十二条 裁决机关进行裁决，应当事先告知双方当事人在裁决中享有的权利和应当承担的义务。
第十三条 裁决机关进行裁决时；应当召集拆迁当事人调查询问。调查询问由裁决人员主持。
裁决机关在调查询问时，可以进行调解。经调解达成协议的，视为撤回裁决申请，当事人应及时签订拆迁补偿协议。
第十四条 当事人申请裁决后，可以自行和解。和解达成协议的，视为撤回裁决申请，当事人应及时签订拆迁补偿协议。
第十五条 申请人经通知无正当理由不参加裁决人员主持的调查询问或者未经裁决人员许可中途退出调查询问的，可以视为撤回裁决申请。被申请人经通知无正当理由不参加裁决人员主持的调查询问或者未经裁决人员许可中途退出调查询问的，可以缺席裁决；
第十六条 当事人应当对自己的主张提供证据。当事人不提供证据的，裁决机关可以依据已有的证据认定争议事实并作出裁决。
第十七条 裁决人员应当将调查询问情况记入笔录并签名。
调查询问笔录应当由当事人签名或者盖章。当事人认为对自己陈述的记录有遗漏或者差错的，有权申请补正；裁决人员不予补正的，应当记录该申请。
第十八条 裁决机关应当在受理裁决申请1个月内做出裁决，有特殊情况需要延期的，经裁决机关主管领导批准，可以适当延期。
第十九条 裁决机关作出裁决的，应当制作裁决书。裁决书应当载明下列事项：
（一）申请人与被申请人的姓名、性别、年龄、职业、住址（法人或者其他组织的名称、地址、法定代表人的姓名）；
（二）申请裁决的主要请求和理由；
（三）裁决机关认定的事实、理由和适用的法律依据；
（四）裁决结果；
（五）起诉期间和起诉法院；
（六）作出裁决的日期。
裁决书应当加盖裁决机关印章。
第二十条 裁决书自送达之日起发生法律效力。
第二十一条 送达裁决书必须有送达回执，由受送达人在送达回执上记明收到日期，签名或者盖章。
受送达人在送达回执上的签收日期为送达日期。
第二十二条 送达裁决书，应当直接送交受送达人。受送达人是公民的，本人不在由其同住的成年家属签收；受送达人是法人或其他组织的，由法人的法定代表人；其他组织的主要负责人或者法人、组织负责收发的人员签收。受送达人有代理人的，可以送交其代理人签收；受送达人已
向裁决机关指定代收人的，送交代收人签收。
受送达人拒绝接受裁决书的，送达人应当邀请有关人员到场，说明情况，在送达回执上记明拒收事由和日期，由送达人、见证人签名或者盖章，把裁决书留在受送达人住所或者收发部门，即视为送达。
第二十三条 直接送达裁决书有困难的，可以邮寄送达。邮寄送达，以挂号回执上注明的收件日期为送达日期。
第二十四条 当事人对裁决不服，可以在裁决书送达之日起15日内向人民法院起诉。在诉讼期间，如拆迁人已经给被拆迁人提供了房屋的，不停止拆迁的执行。
第二十五条 超过裁决书规定的搬迁期限，被拆迁人无正当理由拒绝搬迁的，市或区、县人民政府可以依法作出责令限期搬迁的决定；逾期不搬迁的，由作出决定的人民政府责成有关部门强制拆迁，或者由房地局申请人民法院强制拆迁。
第二十六条 本规则由市房地局负责解释。
第二十七条 本规则自发布之日起生效。《北京市房地产管理局城市房屋拆迁纠纷裁决程序的规定（试行）》同时废止。
1999年3月18日
